Swelling is the enlargement of organs, skin, or other body parts. It is caused by a buildup of fluid in the tissues. The extra fluid can lead to a rapid increase in weight over a short period of time (days to weeks)C

Swelling can occur all over the body (generalized) or only in one part of the body (localized).

Considerations

Slight swelling (edema) of the lower legs is common in warm summer months, especially if a person has been standing or walking a lot.

General swelling, or massive edema (also called anasarca), is a common sign in people who are very sick. Although slight edema may be hard to detect, a large amount of swelling is very obvious.

Edema is described as pitting or non-pitting.

Pitting edema leaves a dent in the skin after you press the area with a finger for about 5 seconds. The dent will slowly fill back in.

Non-pitting edema does not leave this type of dent when pressing on the swollen area.

Causes

Acute glomerulonephritis

Burns, including sunburn

Chronic kidney disease

Heart failure

Liver failure from cirrhosis

Nephrotic syndrome

Poor nutrition

Pregnancy

Thyroid disease

Too little albumin in the blood (hypoalbuminemia)

Too much salt or sodium

Use of certain drugs, including Androgenic and anabolic steroids

Home Care

Follow your doctor’s treatment recommendations. If you have long-term swelling, ask your doctor about the options to prevent skin breakdown, such as:

Flotation ring

Lamb’s wool pad

Pressure-reducing mattress

Continue with your everyday activities. When lying down, keep your arms and legs above your heart level, if possible, so the fluid can drain. However, do not do this if you get shortness of breath. See your doctor instead.